Pengshan Air Base is a People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) air base located in Pengshan County, Sichuan province, Southwestern China, approximately 1 km east of Gongyi Town. It was built in 1942 during World War II. During this period, it was known as Pengshan Airfield (A-7) and was one of four B-29 bases established by the United States Army Air Forces in China. The base was used by the XX Bomber Command's 468th Bombardment Group to stage Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombing missions from India to attack Japan. The 468th Bombardment Group participated in the first USAAF attack on the Japanese Home Islands since the Doolittle raid on June 15, 1944, staging through Pengshan from its base at Kharagpur Airfield, India. The group conducted strikes against transportation centers, naval installations, iron works, and aircraft plants across Burma, Thailand, China, Japan, Indonesia, and Formosa. The 468th Bombardment Group received a Distinguished Unit Citation for bombing iron and steel works at Yawata, Japan, on August 20, 1944. B-29 operations at Pengshan Airfield ceased in February 1945 when the bombers were moved to newly captured bases in the Mariana Islands. The Americans then used the airfield as a communications station before transferring it to the Chinese government on June 30, 1945. Beginning in 1949, the base became part of the PLAAF Second Aviation School, which was established based on the 138th Division. As late as 1986, the Third Training Regiment operated 16 B-5s and 32 BT-5s (PRC manufactured Ilyushin Il-28s) from Pengshan Air Base.