Missile Dongfeng DF-5 (CH-SS-4)

The Dongfeng 5, or DF-5, is a second-generation intercontinental ballistic missile originating from the People's Republic of China. Its development trajectory saw a first flight in 1971, followed by final testing into the Pacific Ocean in May 1980. The system achieved trial operational deployment with two silo-based units in 1981, marking its entry into service. Efforts to enhance the missile's capabilities led to the development of an improved variant commencing in 1986.

The DF-5 is a two-stage, liquid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missile, utilizing UDMH fuel and NTO oxidizer, which contributes to a considerable preparation time for launch. It possesses a significant operational range, enabling it to reach intercontinental targets. The guidance system relies on inertial navigation augmented by on-board computers, providing a notable degree of accuracy. Original versions carried a single, high-yield nuclear warhead. Subsequent variants, such as the DF-5B and DF-5C, were developed with Multiple Independently targetable Reentry Vehicle (MIRV) capabilities, allowing them to carry a significant number of smaller nuclear warheads, greatly expanding their strategic potential. The improved DF-5A variant also featured an increased throw-weight capacity.

Operated by the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force since its introduction in 1981, the DF-5 has seen various deployment strategies. Initially, missiles were stored horizontally in mountain tunnels, requiring them to be moved outdoors and fueled prior to launch, a process that could take considerable time. Silo-based deployment began with the first units in 1981, allowing portions of the force, particularly the DF-5A variant, to be maintained in a higher state of readiness. To enhance survivability, China has also reportedly constructed numerous decoy silos. The number of deployed launchers has been estimated in the low twenties in recent years.