Flag of Panama

The flag is divided into four equal rectangular quadrants of white, blue, and red. Specifically, the top-left and bottom-right quarters are white, while the top-right is red and the bottom-left is blue. A blue five-pointed star is centered in the upper-left white quadrant, and a red five-pointed star is centered in the lower-right white quadrant.

Each color represents the political landscape at the time of independence, with blue signifying the Conservative Party and red representing the Liberal Party. White sections symbolize the peace and unity sought between these two rival factions to ensure the nation's stability. The blue star stands for the civic virtues of purity and honesty, while the red star represents the authority of the law. Together, the arrangement reflects the bipartisan agreement necessary to establish the Republic of Panama.

Designed by Manuel E. Amador and stitched by María de la Ossa de Amador, the flag was first used in November 1903 following Panama's independence from Colombia. An earlier proposal by Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla, which resembled the United States flag but used Spanish colors, was rejected by the Panamanian leadership. Although used since the nation's founding, the current design was officially adopted by the National Assembly through Law 4 of 1925. This legal status was later reaffirmed by Law 28 of 1941.