Hangor-class (Type 039B/041 variant)

The requirement for this class emerged following naval engagements and blockades in the Arabian Sea, which demonstrated that existing underwater deterrence was inadequate. After initial attempts to procure European designs in 2008 were terminated due to financial constraints, negotiations for a fleet of eight diesel-powered attack submarines equipped with air-independent propulsion systems were initiated. The class is named after a predecessor that was involved in the sinking of a frigate during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War.

Based on a variant of the Type 039A attack submarine, the design features a double-hulled, teardrop-shaped configuration constructed using modular methodology and high-yield strength steel. The internal layout is divided into six distinct compartments, including dedicated spaces for weapons, command, and air-independent propulsion. While originally designed for European marine engines, the class utilizes alternative diesel engines alongside a Stirling-powered air-independent propulsion system to facilitate extended submerged operations. The armament suite consists of 533 mm torpedo tubes and anti-ship cruise missiles. Technical specifications suggest compatibility with submarine-launched cruise missiles, potentially providing a platform for second-strike nuclear deterrence.

These vessels are intended for anti-access/area denial operations within the exclusive economic zone to counter regional naval blockades. The first units are scheduled to enter active service in 2026, with the full fleet expected to be operational by 2030. Strategic infrastructure, including a very low frequency station in Sindh Province for secure communications and dedicated naval base facilities, has been prepared to support their deployment. Training and acclimation for the transition to this new class are being facilitated through the acquisition of a similar hull on a gratis basis.