Tughril-class (Type 054AP)

The Tughril class represents a continuation of long-standing naval procurement trends, succeeding the previous Zulfiquar-class frigates. Development of the class was driven by a requirement to replace obsolete Tariq-class destroyers and modernize surface warfare capabilities. The Pakistan Ministry of Defence initiated the acquisition with an initial order for two vessels in 2017, followed by an additional two in 2018. Formally designated as the F-22P Batch II, the class is named after the founder of the Seljuk Empire. Construction of the four-ship series occurred between 2018 and 2023, with the final vessels entering service in mid-2023.

These multi-role guided-missile frigates are engineered for high-intensity maritime operations, featuring a design optimized for low radar observability through the use of sloped hull surfaces and radar-absorbent materials. The platform integrates a versatile armament suite for three-dimensional warfare. Anti-surface capabilities center on supersonic cruise missiles and ship-launched ballistic missiles, complemented by a primary naval gun. For aerial defense, the class utilizes a vertical launching system for medium-range surface-to-air missiles and high-rate-of-fire close-in weapon systems. Sub-surface engagement is facilitated by anti-submarine rocket launchers and torpedoes. The sensor suite includes active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar and specialized air-search systems, alongside medium-frequency active/passive and towed array sonars. Aviation facilities consist of an enclosed hangar and flight deck capable of supporting anti-submarine helicopters or unmanned aerial vehicles.

The Tughril class serves as the mainstay of the active naval fleet. Since the commissioning of the lead vessel in early 2022, the class has been utilized for power projection and regional diplomacy. Operational activities have included long-range maiden voyages with port calls in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka. The vessels have participated in bilateral naval exercises, such as MALPAK-III and Lion Star, to test interoperability with regional navies. The induction of these platforms coincided with the expansion of the naval air arm, integrating specialized helicopters for coordinated anti-submarine and land-attack missions. Following their commissioning in Shanghai, all units are now active within the fleet.