Espora-class (MEKO 140A16)

The Espora class consists of six warships built for the Argentine Navy at the AFNE Río Santiago shipyard in La Plata. The vessels are based on the German Blohm + Voss MEKO 140A16 design, which was developed from the Portuguese João Coutinho-class project. The class originated from the 1974 Naval Constructions National Plan, an initiative to replace World War II-era vessels with modern warships. The contract for the six corvettes was signed in 1979. While the lead ship entered service in 1985, funding shortages and construction accidents delayed the completion of the final vessel until 2004.

The Argentine Navy classifies these vessels as corvettes, though the original design specification was for frigates. The class was produced in two batches, with the second group—comprising Parker, Robinson, and Gómez Roca—featuring improved automation, communication, and electronic systems. These later vessels are equipped with a telescopic hangar to facilitate helicopter operations, whereas the first three ships utilize a fixed helideck. All units use the Thales DAISY combat data system, and Robinson incorporates an indigenous command system. The sensor suite includes air and surface search radars, fire control systems, and hull-mounted sonar. Armament consists of anti-ship missiles, a 76mm dual-purpose gun, twin 40mm anti-aircraft guns, and torpedo tubes.

The ships are assigned to the 2nd Corvette Division based at Puerto Belgrano. During the early 1990s, the class was employed in exclusive economic zone enforcement and the capture of illegal fishing vessels. Two units, Spiro and Rosales, participated in the multinational blockade of Iraq during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm in 1990 and 1991.

Operational availability has been impacted by financial constraints and import restrictions. In 2012, Spiro sustained sonar damage after a grounding accident, and Espora was delayed in South Africa for 73 days during a dispute regarding payment for generator repairs. Rosales was reported as a candidate for scrapping in 2019 but underwent repairs and returned to service in 2022. In 2021, Parker began a refit for conversion to an offshore patrol role, which involved the removal of its anti-ship missiles; however, this project was reported as stalled in late 2024. As of late 2024, Espora, Rosales, Robinson, and Gómez Roca were reported as operational and participating in fleet exercises, while Spiro and Gómez Roca had previously faced periods of inactivity due to spare part shortages.