🇮🇷
Iran vs North Korea Military Ranks
The Iranian Army has 25 ranks — 16 officer and 9 enlisted — from سرباز Sarbaz up to ارتشبد Arteshbod. Below: all 150 ranks across 6 branches (Army, Navy, Air Force, IRGC Air Force, IRGC Land Forces, IRGC Navy), aligned tier by tier with their North Korean equivalents.
Branches
6
Ranks documented
150
Active personnel
610K
Army
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · Army | NATO code |
Equivalent in
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
ارتشبد Arteshbod
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
سپهبد Sepahbod
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
سرلشکر Sarlashkar
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
سرتیپ Sartip
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرتیپ دوم Sartip dovom
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرهنگ Sarhang
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
سرهنگ دوم Sarhang dovom
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
سرگرد Sargord
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
سروان Sarvān
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان یکم Sotvān yekom
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان دوم Sotvān dovom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ستوان سوم Sotvān sevom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
استوار یکم Ostovar yekom
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
استوار دوم Ostovar dovom
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
گروهبان یکم Goruhban yekom
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
گروهبان دوم Goruhban dovom
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
گروهبان سوم Goruhban sevom
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
سرجوخه Sarjukheh
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز Sarbaz
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
Navy
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · Navy | NATO code |
Equivalent in
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
دریابد Daryabod
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
دریاسالار Daryasalar
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
دریابان Daryaban
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
دریادار Daryadar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
دریادار دوم Daryadar dovom
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
ناخدا یکم Nakhoda yekom
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
ناخدا دوم Nakhoda dovom
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
ناخدا سوم Nakhoda sevom
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
ناوسروان Navsarvan
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ناوبان یکم Navban yekom
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ناوبان دوم Navban dovom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ناوبان سوم Navban sevom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
ناواستوار یکم Navostovar yekom
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
ناواستوار دوم Navostovar dovom
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
مهناوی یکم Mahnavi yekom
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
مهناوی دوم Mahnavi dovom
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
مهناوی سوم Mahnavi sevom
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
سرناوی Sarnavi
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی یکم Navi yekom
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی دوم Navi dovom
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی Navi
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
Air Force
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · Air Force | NATO code |
Equivalent in
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
ارتشبد Arteshbod
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
سپهبد Sepahbod
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
سرلشکر Sarlashkar
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
سرتیپ Sartip
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرتیپ دوم Sartip dovom
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرهنگ Sarhang
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
سرهنگ دوم Sarhang dovom
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
سرگرد Sargord
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
سروان Sarvan
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان یکم Sotvan yekom
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان دوم Sotvan dovom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ستوان سوم Sotvan sevom
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
استوار یکم Ostovar yekom
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
استوار دوم Ostovar dovom
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
گروهبان یکم Goruhban yekom
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
گروهبان دوم Goruhban dovom
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
گروهبان سوم Goruhban sevom
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
سرجوخه Sarjukheh
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز Sarbaz
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
IRGC Air Force
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · IRGC Air Force | NATO code |
Equivalent in
North Korea equivalents from its Air Force.
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
ارتشبد پاسدار Arteshbod pasdar
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
سپهبد پاسدار Sepahbod pasdar
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
سرلشکر پاسدار Sarlashkar pasdar
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
سرتیپ پاسدار Sartip pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرتیپ دوم پاسدار Sartip dovom pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرهنگ پاسدار Sarhang pasdar
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
سرهنگ دوم پاسدار Sarhang dovom pasdar
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
سرگرد پاسدار Sargord pasdar
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
سروان پاسدار Sarwan pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان یکم پاسدار Sotwan yekom pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان دوم پاسدار Sotwan dovom pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ستوان سوم پاسدار Sotwan sevom pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
رزمدار یکم Razmdar yekom pasdar
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
رزمدار دوم Razmdar dovom pasdar
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
رزمآور یکم Razmavar yekom pasdar
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
رزمآور دوم Razmavar dovom pasdar
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
رزمآور سوم Razmavar sevom pasdar
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
رزمیار Razmyar pasdar
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom pasdar
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom pasdar
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز Sarbaz pasdar
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
IRGC Land Forces
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · IRGC Land Forces | NATO code |
Equivalent in
North Korea equivalents from its Army.
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
ارتشبد پاسدار Arteshbod pasdar
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
سپهبد پاسدار Sepahbod pasdar
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
سرلشکر پاسدار Sarlashkar pasdar
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
سرتیپ پاسدار Sartip pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرتیپ دوم پاسدار Sartip dovom pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
سرهنگ پاسدار Sarhang pasdar
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
سرهنگ دوم پاسدار Sarhang dovom pasdar
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
سرگرد پاسدار Sargord pasdar
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
سروان پاسدار Sarwan pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان یکم پاسدار Sotwan yekom pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ستوان دوم پاسدار Sotwan dovom pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ستوان سوم پاسدار Sotwan sevom pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
رزمدار یکم Razmdar yekom pasdar
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
رزمدار دوم Razmdar dovom pasdar
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
رزمآور یکم Razmavar yekom pasdar
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
رزمآور دوم Razmavar dovom pasdar
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
رزمآور سوم Razmavar sevom pasdar
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
رزمیار Razmyar pasdar
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom pasdar
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom pasdar
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
سرباز Sarbaz pasdar
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
IRGC Navy
Rank Ladder
Highest first · 20 of 25 matched
| 🇮🇷 Iran · IRGC Navy | NATO code |
Equivalent in
North Korea equivalents from its Navy.
|
|---|---|---|
| Officers | ||
دریابد پاسدار Daryabod pasdar
|
OF-9 General |
대장 Daejang
|
دریاسالار پاسدار Dryasalar pasdar
|
OF-8 Lieutenant General |
상장 Sangjang
|
دریابان پاسدار Daryaban pasdar
|
OF-7 Major General |
중장 Chungjang
|
دریادار پاسدار Daryadar pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
دریادار دوم پاسدار Daryadar dome pasdar
|
OF-6 Brigadier General |
소장 Sojang
|
ناوسالار یکم Nakhuda yakam pasdar
|
OF-5 Colonel |
대좌 Daechwa
상좌 Sangjwa
|
ناوسالار دوم Nakhuda dome pasdar
|
OF-4 Lieutenant Colonel |
중좌 Chungjwa
|
ناوسالار سوم Nakhuda some pasdar
|
OF-3 Major / Commandant |
소좌 Sojwa
|
ناوسروان پاسدار Nausroan pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ناوبان یکم پاسدار Nauban yakam pasdar
|
OF-2 Captain / 1st Lieutenant |
대위 Taewi
|
ناوبان دوم پاسدار Nauban dome pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
ناوبان سوم پاسدار Nauban some pasdar
|
OF-1 Lieutenant |
상위 Sangwi
중위 Chungwi
소위 Sowi
|
Danishjoye daneshgah afsari amam hasina
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Danishjoye daneshgah afsari amam hasina
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Danishjoye daneshgah afsari amam hasina
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
Danishjoye daneshgah afsari amam hasina
|
OF-D Student Officer | – |
| Enlisted ranks | ||
ناودار یکم Nawastwar yakam pasdar
|
OR-9 Sergeant Major | – |
ناودار دوم Nawastwar dome pasdar
|
OR-8 1st Sergeant |
특무상사 T'ŭkmu-sangsa
|
ناویار یکم Mahnawi yakam pasdar
|
OR-7 Sergeant 1st Class |
상사 Sangsa
|
ناویار دوم Mahnawi dome pasdar
|
OR-6 Staff Sergeant |
중사 Chungsa
|
ناویار سوم Mahnawi some pasdar
|
OR-5 Sergeant |
하사 Hasa
|
سرناوی Sernaoui pasdar
|
OR-4 Corporal |
상급병사 Sanggŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی یکم Nawi yakam pasdar
|
OR-3 Private 1st Class |
중급병사 Chungŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی دوم Nawi dome pasdar
|
OR-2 Private |
하급병사 Hagŭp-pyŏngsa
|
ناوی Nawi pasdar
|
OR-1 Private |
전사 Chŏnsa
|
Overview
The armed forces of Iran, officially known as the "Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces" or "نیروهای مسلح جمهوری اسلامی ایران," are composed of multiple branches, each with specific roles and responsibilities:
- Islamic Republic of Iran Army (ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران): The Iranian Army is responsible for land-based military operations. It includes infantry, armored units, artillery, and support units. The Army plays a central role in national defense and internal security.
- Islamic Republic of Iran Navy (نیروی دریایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران): The Iranian Navy focuses on maritime defense and security, operating various vessels, including submarines, surface ships, and patrol boats. It is tasked with safeguarding Iran's coastline and maritime interests in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.
- Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force (نیروی هوایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران): The Iranian Air Force is responsible for aerial defense and operations. It operates fighter aircraft, transport planes, and helicopters, ensuring air superiority and national defense.
- Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) (سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی): The IRGC is a separate branch of the armed forces with significant influence and authority. It oversees various aspects of Iran's military, including special forces, missile development, and intelligence.
Iran Military
Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) and other open sources.
Insignia image credits
- MrInfo2012 — CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons: ارتشبد Arteshbod (Army), سپهبد Sepahbod (Army), سرلشکر Sarlashkar (Army), سرتیپ دوم Sartip dovom (Army), سرهنگ Sarhang (Army), سرهنگ دوم Sarhang dovom (Army), سرگرد Sargord (Army), سروان Sarvān, ستوان یکم Sotvān yekom, ستوان دوم Sotvān dovom, ستوان سوم Sotvān sevom, استوار یکم Ostovar yekom (Army), استوار دوم Ostovar dovom (Army), گروهبان یکم Goruhban yekom (Army), گروهبان دوم Goruhban dovom (Army), گروهبان سوم Goruhban sevom (Army), سرجوخه Sarjukheh (Army), سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom (Army), سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom (Army), سرباز Sarbaz (Army), ناواستوار یکم Navostovar yekom, ناواستوار دوم Navostovar dovom, مهناوی یکم Mahnavi yekom, مهناوی دوم Mahnavi dovom, مهناوی سوم Mahnavi sevom, سرناوی Sarnavi, ناوی یکم Navi yekom, ناوی دوم Navi dovom, ارتشبد Arteshbod (Air Force), سپهبد Sepahbod (Air Force), سرلشکر Sarlashkar (Air Force), سرتیپ Sartip, سرتیپ دوم Sartip dovom (Air Force), سرهنگ Sarhang (Air Force), سرهنگ دوم Sarhang dovom (Air Force), سرگرد Sargord (Air Force), سروان Sarvan, ستوان یکم Sotvan yekom, ستوان دوم Sotvan dovom, ستوان سوم Sotvan sevom, استوار یکم Ostovar yekom (Air Force), استوار دوم Ostovar dovom (Air Force), گروهبان یکم Goruhban yekom (Air Force), گروهبان دوم Goruhban dovom (Air Force), گروهبان سوم Goruhban sevom (Air Force), سرجوخه Sarjukheh (Air Force), سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom (Air Force), سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom (Air Force), سرباز Sarbaz (Air Force), ارتشبد پاسدار Arteshbod pasdar, سپهبد پاسدار Sepahbod pasdar, سرلشکر پاسدار Sarlashkar pasdar, سرتیپ پاسدار Sartip pasdar, سرتیپ دوم پاسدار Sartip dovom pasdar, سرهنگ پاسدار Sarhang pasdar, سرهنگ دوم پاسدار Sarhang dovom pasdar, سرگرد پاسدار Sargord pasdar, سروان پاسدار Sarwan pasdar, ستوان یکم پاسدار Sotwan yekom pasdar, ستوان دوم پاسدار Sotwan dovom pasdar, ستوان سوم پاسدار Sotwan sevom pasdar, رزمدار یکم Razmdar yekom pasdar, رزمدار دوم Razmdar dovom pasdar, رزمآور یکم Razmavar yekom pasdar, رزمآور دوم Razmavar dovom pasdar, رزمآور سوم Razmavar sevom pasdar, رزمیار Razmyar pasdar, سرباز یکم Sarbaz yekom pasdar, سرباز دوم Sarbaz dovom pasdar, سرباز Sarbaz pasdar
- MrInfo2012 — CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons: سرتیپ Sartip, Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali (Army), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali (Army), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali (Army), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari Imam Ali (Army), Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini (Navy), Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini (Navy), Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini (Navy), Daneshjuye daneshgahe imam khomeini (Navy), Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai (Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai (Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai (Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgahe hawai (Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein (IRGC Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein (IRGC Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein (IRGC Air Force), Daneshjoye daneshgah afsari imam Hosein (IRGC Air Force)
- Skjoldbro — CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons: ناخدا یکم Nakhoda yekom, ناخدا دوم Nakhoda dovom, ناخدا سوم Nakhoda sevom, ناوسروان Navsarvan, ناوبان یکم Navban yekom, ناوبان دوم Navban dovom, ناوبان سوم Navban sevom
- Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons: دریابد Daryabod, دریاسالار Daryasalar, دریابان Daryaban, دریادار Daryadar, دریادار دوم Daryadar dovom, ناوی Navi