Missile 9M337 Sosna-R (SA-X-25)

The 9M337 Sosna-R (SA-X-25) was developed as a successor to the 9K35 Strela-10 and as an alternative to the Tor and Pantsir-S1 systems. Official testing of the domestic variant, initially designated Bagulnik and later named Strela-10ML, was completed in 2017.

The system uses a supersonic, two-stage missile with laser beam-riding guidance. It is designed to engage aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, aerial bombs, elements of high-precision weapons, and light armored vehicles, with the capability to alter direction mid-flight. The missile features a combined impact and proximity laser fuze, utilizing a fragmented-rod warhead for proximity detonation near targets and an armor-piercing fragmentation warhead for impact detonation. Target acquisition relies primarily on passive electro-optical systems, including thermal and TV cameras combined with a laser rangefinder, providing resistance to jamming. The system can also be equipped with an optional small acquisition radar and can operate under control of command posts such as the 9S80M1-2 Assembly-M1-2. Fire can be delivered while on the move. Mobile configurations include tracked launchers based on MT-LB and BMP-3 vehicles, Sosna A and Sosna RA weapon modules for armored combat vehicles, the air-transportable Ptitselov system on a BMD-4M chassis, and the naval Palma and Palash close-in weapon systems.

The system is operated by Russia and Vietnam, which deploys the Palma-SU variant on Gepard 3.9 frigates. Deliveries of the naval Palma system to the Russian Navy and foreign navies began in 2011. Egypt has been reported as a potential operator.