Missile ASM-1 (Type 80)

The Type 80 air-to-ship missile (ASM-1) originated in Japan and entered service with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force in 1980. It was developed as an air-launched coastal defense weapon. The system served as the basis for several subsequent missile developments, including the ground-launched SSM-1, the Type 88 surface-to-ship missile, the Type 90 ship-to-ship missile, and the Type 91 and Type 93 air-to-ship missiles.

The missile is propelled by a single-stage solid propellant rocket motor. The guidance package consists of inertial guidance for the initial flight phase and terminal active radar homing for target acquisition. It carries a high-explosive warhead. Although its primary mission is the engagement of naval vessels, the missile is also capable of striking land targets such as bridges and buildings.

Japan is the operator of the Type 80. The missile is integrated onto the Mitsubishi F-1 and the P-3 Orion aircraft. It remains in service with the Japan Self-Defense Forces in both air-launched and ground-launched configurations, though the ASM-3 has begun to supersede it in the inventory.