Lüshun Naval Base (Port Arthur)

Lüshun Naval Port (旅顺军港), formerly known as Port Arthur, is a base of the People's Liberation Army Navy on the Yellow Sea coast of Liaoning province, China. It lies in the bay of Lüshun, south of the centre of Lüshun in the Lüshunkou District of Dalian, at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula. The naval port is distinct from the New Lüshun Port, a commercial facility west of central Lüshun, next to the Bay of Yangtouwa, which handles the Bohai train ferry and is served by its own rail connections.

The site accommodates the PLAN's Liaonan Shipyard, in operation since 1883, which provides shipbuilding and repair capacity at the base. The naval port is served by the Lüshun Branch Line of the former Chinese Eastern Railway, with Lüshun Railway Station adjacent.

Construction of a naval base in the bay began in the 1880s under the direction of the Qing statesman Li Hongzhang, and between 1884 and 1889 Lüshun became one of the bases of the Beiyang Fleet, alongside the fleet headquarters at Weihaiwei. It held the Beiyang Fleet's principal repair facilities, comprising a 120 m dock for battleships and cruisers and a smaller dock for destroyers, while dredging brought the inner roadstead and the bay entrance to a depth of about 6.1 m. The base subsequently passed through Russian, Japanese and Soviet naval use before the transfer of its facilities to the People's Republic of China was completed in May 1955.