Missile 9M119 Svir (AT-11 Sniper)

The 9K120 Svir and 9K119 Refleks were developed in the Soviet Union during the 1980s. The system was designed to provide guided missile capability for 125 mm smoothbore guns, specifically to address autoloader compatibility issues identified in previous tank-launched missile systems. The Svir entered service in 1985 for use with the T-72B tank series. The Refleks entered service in 1992 for the T-90 tank series, with a modernized variant, the 9M119M1, introduced in the late 1990s.

The 9M119 is a laser beam-riding anti-tank guided missile fired from 125 mm smoothbore guns, including the 2A45, 2A46, and 2A46M series. The missile is ejected from the gun barrel by an ejecting mechanism, and the rocket motor ignites upon exiting the barrel. Guidance is achieved via a modulated laser beam steered by the gunner. Pop-out fins provide flight stability, while control fins are actuated using ram air collected by nose intakes. The missile travels at supersonic speeds. The standard warhead is a tandem hollow-charge designed for armor penetration. Personnel-engagement variants utilizing high-explosive warheads are designated 9M119F and 9M119F1.

The system is deployed on T-72B, T-80U, and T-90 main battle tanks, and can be fired from the 2A45 Sprut-B anti-tank gun. It is operated by Russia and has been exported to several countries, including Serbia, Syria, Vietnam, and Morocco. The system is produced in China for the Type 99 tank, and India manufactures the missile under technical collaboration. Iran produces a reverse-engineered version named the Tondar. South Korea retired the system from service in 2019. The missile was used during the First Chechen War and the Russo-Ukrainian War. During the latter conflict, units were captured and utilized by Ukrainian forces.