Czech Air Force

The Czech Air Force is a compact and integrated component of the nation's armed forces, structured to fulfill its primary mandate of securing the Czech Republic's airspace. This core mission is executed within the framework of the NATO Integrated Air and Missile Defence System (NATINAMDS). The force is organized around several key bases: the 21st Tactical Air Force Base, which operates the fighter and light combat aircraft; the 22nd Helicopter Air Force Base, providing transport and fire support; the 24th Air Transportation Base, responsible for airlift missions; and specialized regiments for air defense and command and control.

Operationally, the Czech Air Force is centered on its fleet of JAS-39 Gripen multirole fighters, which handle air defense and quick reaction alert duties. These are supplemented by domestically produced L-159 ALCA subsonic light combat aircraft. The helicopter fleet provides crucial support to land forces, transport, and search and rescue services. Strategic doctrine emphasizes interoperability within NATO, as demonstrated by regular participation in Alliance exercises and air policing missions in the Baltic states. A recent focus has been the development of dispersed operations capabilities, aiming to enhance resilience and flexibility by operating from smaller, temporary locations away from main bases.

The Czech Republic has contributed to various international missions, including providing helicopter training teams in Afghanistan and an advisory team for L-159 operations in Iraq. A transport aircraft detachment also supports the Multinational Force and Observers mission in the Sinai Peninsula.

The country is in the process of acquiring F-35A Lightning II fighters to replace the leased Gripens after 2027. The helicopter force is also being recapitalized with the introduction of US-made UH-1Y Venom and AH-1Z Viper helicopters. These acquisitions represent a clear strategic shift towards deeper integration with NATO standards and a focus on acquiring advanced, fifth-generation capabilities. This transition is complemented by doctrinal shifts, such as enhancing readiness for agile combat employment concepts practiced with allies like France.