Royal Air Force

The Royal Air Force is structured around a series of groups, wings, and squadrons, which are the fundamental operational units. This structure is underpinned by the "Whole Force" concept, integrating regular, reserve, and civilian personnel. The RAF Regiment provides ground-based force protection, including air defense and the mitigation of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats.

The strategic doctrine of the RAF is centered on providing an agile and capable air force that can project power globally. Key tenets of its operational philosophy include achieving control of the air to enable freedom of action for all UK military forces. The doctrine emphasizes multi-domain operations as part of an integrated approach with allies and other branches of the armed forces. A core concept is Agile Combat Employment (ACE), which is designed to enhance survivability and resilience by dispersing forces and operating from various locations.

The RAF's operational capabilities encompass a wide spectrum of air power roles, including fighter and strike operations, intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance (ISTAR), maritime patrol, and strategic and tactical transport.

RAF is focused on enhancing its network-enabled capabilities and preparing for future operating environments. A significant program is the introduction of the F-35B Lightning II, a fifth-generation multirole fighter. Other key procurements include the P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft, the E-7 Wedgetail airborne early warning and control platform, and the Protector RG Mk1 remotely piloted aircraft system. Looking further ahead, the UK is collaborating with Italy and Japan on the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), a project to develop a sixth-generation fighter aircraft. However, financial constraints have led to the retirement of some assets and are presenting challenges to the pace of modernization and personnel training.