Russia Army

The Russian Ground Forces operate under five military districts: Moscow, Leningrad, Southern, Central, and Eastern. Operational command flows from the General Staff through regional commands to combined arms armies, tank armies, and army corps. Operational formations include the 1st Guards Tank Army, alongside combined arms armies such as the 8th, 20th, 41st, and 58th Armies. Ground forces are organized into divisions, independent motorized rifle brigades, tank brigades, and artillery brigades. Command headquarters are located across Russian territory, including Rostov-on-Don, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, and Khabarovsk.

Armored formations field T-90M, T-80BVM, and T-72B3M main battle tanks, alongside reactivated T-62 and T-55 variants. Mechanized and motorized infantry units operate BMP-3 and BMP-2M infantry fighting vehicles, alongside BTR-82A armored personnel carriers and MT-LB multi-purpose armored vehicles. Field artillery units operate 2S19 Msta-S and 2S43 Malva self-propelled howitzers, supplemented by towed D-30 and Msta-B pieces. Multiple launch rocket systems include Tornado-G, Tornado-S, and TOS-1A systems. Tactical missile brigades operate the Iskander-M ballistic missile system. Air defense for ground formations relies on S-300V4, Buk-M3, and Tor-M2 surface-to-air missile systems, alongside Pantsir-S1 point defense systems and Verba man-portable air defense systems.

The primary mission of the Ground Forces is territorial defense, peripheral force projection, and high-intensity land warfare. Russian ground units are engaged in continuous combat operations in Ukraine, conducting offensive operations, urban combat, positional trench warfare, and defensive maneuver. Operational tactics rely on heavy artillery integration, drone-directed strikes, mechanized assaults, and dismounted infantry tactics. Ground forces maintain foreign military bases in Armenia, Tajikistan, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Transnistria.

Procurement and modernization focus on high-rate domestic production, refurbishment, and counter-drone adaptations. Uralvagonzavod supplies new-build T-90M tanks while modernizing T-72 and T-80 hulls. Kurganmashzavod produces BMP-3 and BMD-4M vehicles. Modernization programs emphasize factory-installed counter-unmanned aerial vehicle netting, electronic warfare jamming suites, and explosive reactive armor upgrades across armor fleets. Additional production expanded output of artillery ammunition, precision rockets for Tornado-S systems, and 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV self-propelled guns.