Royal Malaysian Air Force

The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) is structured as a relatively small but professional force responsible for defending Malaysia's airspace and maritime interests. It operates a diverse mix of American, European, and Russian-made aircraft, a result of historical procurement decisions influenced by geopolitical factors and a desire to avoid over-reliance on a single supplier. This logistical complexity presents sustainment challenges. The RMAF is organized into air operations squadrons and a ground defense regiment, which includes the PASKAU special forces unit for specialized air-ground operations.

Operationally, the RMAF's capabilities are centered on air defense, maritime surveillance, and airlift support for the other branches of the Malaysian Armed Forces. The force has experience participating in joint and combined exercises, such as those under the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA), which enhances interoperability with regional partners. However, a significant portion of its aircraft inventory is aging, facing sustainment issues exacerbated by the tropical climate, which can affect structural integrity and operational readiness. The RMAF’s strategic doctrine appears focused on safeguarding national sovereignty, with a growing emphasis on maritime domain awareness given the country's extensive coastlines and geopolitical context.

To address capability gaps and equipment obsolescence, the RMAF is pursuing a structured "Capability Plan 2025" (CAP55) outlining acquisition programs. These include the procurement of Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) to replace older models, Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA), and Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Systems to enhance surveillance capabilities. Plans also involve upgrading its air defense network with new long-range and medium-range radar systems.